基督徒之爱:约瑟劝勉弟兄和睦Christian Love; or, Joseph's Exhortation to Unity

THE FULLNESS OF CHRIST by Octavius Winslow

"Christian Love" Or, "Joseph's Exhortation to Unity"

So he sent his brothers off, and as they left, he called after them, "Don't quarrel along the way!" Genesis 45:24

Such was the appropriate charge with which Joseph dismissed his brethren on their return to their father, bearing with them the evidences of his greatness, and the expressions of his love. He well knew the necessity for such an exhortation to unity as this. He remembered that the elements of evil which led to his own abduction from his father's family, with all its dire, yet strangely overruled results, still dwelt in their nature; and that although time and adversity may have subdued and softened that evil, yet, nevertheless, its root still was there, and that without a caution on his part, and strict vigilance on theirs, in all probability before they reached their home, the smouldering embers would break forth again in envy, strife, and division, and sad and disastrous might be the consequences.

Holy and important is the spiritual instruction here conveyed! That the children of God are not exempt from the necessity of a similar charge, is clear from the many and constant exhortations to brotherly love and Christian union with which the Word of God abounds. Perhaps there is no precept of which we need to be more perpetually reminded, and to whose violation and neglect we are more constantly exposed than this one- the precept of Christian love. A striking confirmation of the tendency of the Lord's brethren to "quarrel along the way," occurs as early as the history of the apostles. It took place between Paul and Barnabas, and arose from a difference of opinion as to the expediency of being accompanied in their apostolic visitation of the churches by Mark. Barnabas, influenced, perhaps, by his relationship to Mark, who was his nephew, proposed it, but "Paul thought it not good to take him with them." This dissonance of judgment led to a separation of these apostles the one from the other, and is thus narrated- "And the contention was so sharp between them, that they departed asunder one from the other." And so they quarreled along the way!

Another instance, so gently chided and skillfully improved by our Lord, implicated the whole college of apostles. Thus Mark records it: "And he came to Capernaum, and, being in the house, he asked them, What was it that you disputed among yourselves by the way? But they held their peace: for by the way they had disputed among themselves who should be the greatest." And thus they quarreled along the way! We learn that our nature, even in its renewed state, is still carnal, and exhibits the same marks of innate corruption, and needs the same holy exhortations of God's word that the Church of God ever did. Dismissing the original application of this exhortation to brotherly unity, we propose to ground upon it a few observations enforcing the holy and much-needed precept of Christian love among the brethren of Christ. For who that is spiritually and intelligently acquainted with the Church of God is not solemnly convinced of the necessity of a higher and holier standard of Christian union and love among the members of the body of Christ, the children of the one family of God, than at present exists?

Beloved, "God is love." And Jesus Christ was the incarnation of love to our world. He was love living, speaking, acting, toiling among men. His birth was the nativity of love; His sermons, the words of love; His miracles, the wonders of love; His tears, the meltings of love; His crucifixion, the agonies of love; His resurrection, the triumph of love. All that He did, and said, and commanded, was the embodiment and the expression of Divine love. In the further prosecution of this delightful subject, we shall consider the nature of Christian love- its features- and the exhortation to its culture.

Now with regard to the NATURE of Christian love- in what does it consist? It differs essentially from all other feelings embraced under the general term love. The natural affection of families, the friendship which has its foundation in assimilation of mind and taste, the feeling of benevolence which prompts us to acts of kindness to our fellows, and that denominational or party feeling cherished by those who profess the same ecclesiastical polity and adopt the same mode of worship, all differ essentially from the love which unites the one Church of Jesus Christ. All these modifications of love may exist, real, intense, warm, and yet true Christian love may have no place in the soul. There may be the warmest natural affection, the profoundest feelings of benevolence, the most zealous party attachment, and yet the individual may be utterly destitute of the divine and sacred affection of which we speak. In what, then, consists this Christian love, thus standing apart so distinctly from every other form and modification of love?

Surely there must be something unique, peculiar, and lofty to invest it with this marked and lovely character! For a few moments look at the origin, and this will illustrate the nature, of that Christian love, which finds its home in every regenerate, Christ-loving heart. In the first place, I would remark that it has its origin in our new nature. When we are born again of the Spirit, divine love is born in us. There is with the advent of the divine nature, the advent of divine love. The nature of God is love; and if we become partakers of the divine nature, we necessarily become partakers of the love that dwells in God. The heavenly birth and divine love are coexistent properties in our spiritual regeneration. I emphatically repeat that, a partaker of the divine nature, I am necessarily a partaker of divine love.

Then, again, it has its origin in the indwelling of the Holy Spirit in the heart. Every child of God is a temple of the Holy Spirit, consequently there is in him the very inspiration of divine, spiritual love. "The fruit of the Spirit is love." If you have the Holy Spirit dwelling in you, making you His temple, there dwells in you the principle of love- a love that emanates from God, that entwines itself with all who are God's, and that ascends again in holy affections to God. The indwelling of the Spirit is the indwelling of love in your heart; and this it is that should make us prompt to recognize a saint wherever we find him, be his nation, his complexion, his dialect, or the section of the Church to which he belongs, what it may. If I see in him unmistakable marks of the Spirit of God; if I see, clustering in his life and conversation, the fruits of the Spirit, and yet I refuse to recognize him as a Christian brother, to receive him as a child of God, to have fellowship with him as one of the sacred brotherhood, I deny and grieve and wound the self-same Spirit dwelling in me.

Again, we may understand the nature, and trace the origin of this divine principle of love, if we remember that it is the grand moral feature that assimilates the whole family of God. It is, if I may so express myself, the family likeness. Nothing more strikingly brings out the unity of the divine nature in all God's people, the indwelling of the same Spirit thus establishing their membership with the family of God, than the feature of love. Let me see in a Christian man real love, true spiritual affection, affection flowing towards me because I am a brother in Christ- love recognizing my discipleship, my saintship, my sonship- I see in that brother the family likeness, the image of the Father, and the image of all the brethren. Yes, beloved, in a few words, the love of which we speak is a divine, unearthly, spiritual principle. It is not of the flesh fleshly, it is not born with us; it proves its origin and nature by the divine and spiritual fruits which it brings forth. It is from God, it ascends to God, and all its operations are godlike and divine. He who discovers in his heart no other evidence of his filial relation to God, of his discipleship to Christ, of his membership with the one brotherhood, than the existence of this divine, holy principle of love, has sufficient warrant to put in a humble claim to be a disciple of Christ, a child of God, and an heir of glory. "By this shall all men know that you are my disciples, by the love you have one towards another." "By this we know we have passed from death unto life, because we love the brethren."

The day may come when you may thank God for this one and simple evidence of your salvation. All other evidence of your membership with Christ, and of your adoption into the family of God, may be, not extinguished, but beclouded; and one remains, and one only, to shed its luster, like the lone star of evening, upon your dying pillow- love to the brethren, love to the holy ones because they are holy, love to the saints because they are saints. Beloved, with that one evidence you may tread the valley of the shadow of death, fearing no evil, and you shall have an abundant entrance into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.

Having thus briefly explained its nature, let us for a few moments specify some of the GROUNDS on which Christian love should be exhibited. There occur analogies in the narrative which will be our guide. On what grounds may we suppose Joseph exhorts his brethren not to quarrel along the way, on their return home to their father? Would he not naturally remind them, in the first place, that they were the children, the sons of one father, and being so, there existed a strong bond of union between them? Most assuredly he would. Beloved, the Church of God acknowledges one God and Father: "One God and Father of all." One Father loves all- has predestinated all to the adoption of children- has given all alike His beloved Son- embraced all alike in His one heart- and lends His ear alike to all clustering around His mercy-seat and addressing Him as, "Our Father who are in heaven."

Find the sons of God where you may, belonging to what religious section of the Church they may, kneel with them in prayer, bend with them before the one mercy-seat, and you will be at no loss to ascertain who is their Father. Oh, there is nothing so convincing of the essential unity of God's family, or which constitutes so beautiful and touching a manifestation of that unity, as the clustering together of the Lord's people from their various communions around God's throne of grace. It is the most true, sacred, and sublime visible exhibition of the unity of the Church of God found on this side of glory- the unity of worship- the unity of prayer.

Listen to the language of each- of all: "Our Father who is in heaven." In this sublime utterance who can fail to see the three essential elements of union- the PARENTAGE of God- the BROTHERHOOD of the saints- the HOME of the Church: FATHER- OUR Father- in HEAVEN! Oh, see how the renewed nature of man travels back to the Fatherhood of God! See how man travels in fraternal affection towards the Brotherhood of man! See how the child of God seeks the Home from which he has wandered- the point of his departure- the place of his return. And when they assemble at their Father's feet, confessing like sins, deploring like infirmities, breathing like sorrows, unveiling like needs, and supplicating like mercy, oh, how true, beautiful, and holy appears the essential unity of the family of God! "The saints in prayer appear as one, In word, and deed, and mind, White with the Father and the Son Sweet fellowship they find."

Would not Joseph also remind those who, thus belonging to one father, they were brethren? What are all the saints of God but brethren in the Lord Jesus Christ? "You are all the children of God by faith in Christ Jesus." "One is your Master, and all you are brethren." The Church of God is one holy brotherhood. Every child of God, be the depth of his experience, or the strength of his faith, or the measure of his attainments what it may, stands in fraternal relation to the one brotherhood of which Jesus is the First-born. Beloved, wherever you thus meet with a child of God, a believer in Christ, one who acknowledges his relation to Jesus, you meet a brother in Christ, and in giving to him a fraternal recognition, you but recognize and exhibit your own personal union with the sacred brotherhood.

This is the only real fraternity. Sin has broken up the human family. By detaching our nature from its Center, it has detached it from itself. The human race has nothing of its original brotherhood remaining but the name, and even this finds often an unwilling recognition. The hate of races and the caste of society are proverbial. As if our common Father had not "made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth," race disowns race, and class denounces class, and caste scorns caste. "The Celt swears vengeance against the Saxon; the Slavonic cannot fraternize with the German stock. The dim repositories of the past are ransacked for missiles and watchwords, that may serve as firebrands to rekindle the old hereditary feuds of alien and rival lineages. The Italian thinks himself scarce a creature of the same blood and of the same God with the Austrian. Now the gospel goes forth as the great, the peaceful, but unappeasable revolutionist; but its watchword is a fraternity broad as humanity. And when men learn to feel these ties and claims of brotherhood, the needy and the lowly are soothed and elevated; the savage puts on dignity, and the bondsman hope; and the woman glides from the prison where barbarism had immured her. So, on the other hand, the mighty, and the intelligent, and the rich, thus instructed, forget their transient and skin-deep distinctions of caste and culture; and feel, in the view of a common sin, and salvation, and judgment-seat, the sense of stewardship casting out the odious spirit of self-gratification. Literal equality, no change in man's power can bring about. There would remain, on the day after an equal distribution of all goods and lands to all earth's inhabitants, the eternal and irremovable distinctions of sex and age, and mental talent and bodily endowment. You might as well propose to equalize the whole body of the man into an eye, clear but defenseless, or into a cheek, earless and eyeless and browless, as to make the body politic, in all its members and all its circumstances, one. But give the feeling of true Christian fraternity; and, while each member retains its individuality and its distinct offices, and its fitting peculiarities, the good of one member would become the good of all. The hand would toil in the light of the guiding eye; and the eye travel in the strength of the adventurous and patient foot." (W.R. Williams)

But the religion of Jesus wins back our divided and hating race to its original brotherhood. It has been remarked that "One touch of nature makes the whole world kin." But one touch of grace does more. It unites the kin into Christian brotherhood, it introduces it into the family of God. This is the only true, sacred, and permanent fraternity; the republican and the democrat, the peer and the peasant, the sovereign and the subject, the bond and the free, are in Christ Jesus one sacred brotherhood, bound in filial relation to God, and, in virtue of this union, in fraternal relation to each other.

Another uniting element is our union with, and the reception of all our blessings from, the Lord Jesus Christ. Here is a strong basis of union, a holy bond of love and sympathy. These brethren of Joseph were returning to Canaan, all richly laden with wealth through the kindness of Joseph. They were all alike furnished with provision, with clothing, and every comfort necessary for the journey. Thus they had a common bond of sympathy and union in the blessings all richly and freely received alike from Joseph. What gospel teaching is here!

Are we not all of us, as saints of God, dependent upon Jesus? are not all of us hanging upon Jesus? do we not all receive from Jesus? The blood that cleanses us, the righteousness that justifies us, the grace that sanctifies us, the sympathy that comforts us, the hope that cheers us- is it not all derived from the fulness that is in Christ? Are not all clinging to that one dear Savior, depending on His finished work, and all drawing from His infinite resources? Oh, yes! Where do the saints of God the most frequently meet? Is it not at the feet of Jesus? Modes of worship may sunder us outwardly. A Liturgy may divide in form those who in heart draw near to the same God and Father. But here we all in spirit meet. The fountain from where we draw our stores of strength and grace, comfort, joy, and peace, attracts and unites us at the Savior's feet.

This ought to draw closer together in affection and sympathy the scattered, divided members of Christ's body, since they are all living on Jesus, drawing from Jesus, and alike indebted to Jesus. Thus, if through prejudice or preference, ecclesiastical polity or modes of religious worship sunder the saints of God from each other, here is that which attracts them to one spot, and binds them in one holy fellowship- a full Christ to whom all repair, and from whom all alike receive supplies, and who loves and blesses all alike. Journeying to one heavenly home, wearing the same robe of righteousness, clad in the same garments of salvation, sustained and nourished by the same spiritual supplies, should not these considerations raise us superior to sectarianism, prejudice, and harsh judgment? What have we that we have not received? Why should one brother boast against or judge another? "Of his fulness have all we received;" and all alike living upon Christ's fulness, nourished by His grace, kept by His power, soothed by His love, fed by His hand, guided by His counsel, and bound together in the same heart of God, supplies us with one of the strongest and most persuasive motives why we should love one another, and see that we do not "quarrel along the way."

I thus anticipate another ground of Christian love- our individual membership with the one body of Christ. It is a beautiful illustration of the Church, the human body. Perfect in itself, it yet has different members; one organization, yet several parts. How masterly does the apostle work out this illustration, bringing us to the conclusion that one part cannot dispense with another; that no member can say to another member, "I have no need of you;" -all are useful and sympathetic in the body. So in the Church of Christ: it is essentially one spiritual corporate Body. Every believer in Christ is a member of that Body, and the Church of God is not perfect without that member. And thus members of Christ's body are members one of another. "For as the body is one, and has many members, and all the members of that one body, being many, are one body: so also is Christ. For by one Spirit are we all baptized into one body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or free; and have been all made to drink into one Spirit." And here let me remark, what a bond of union is found in the existence of the same trials and temptations! Infirmities and necessities are common to all the children of God. This is a touching, tender argument for Christian love and sympathy in the one Church of Christ. Are not our trials ofttimes the same? our temptations and infirmities, our adversities and sorrows? Have we not, too, the same spiritual exercises, the same mental operations? are we not perpetually exhibiting the same stumblings, falls, and backslidings? Oh, how ought this to knit and unite more closely together the saints of God! In view of this truth, how should ecclesiastical distinctions vanish and disappear!

What! has my brother of the Establishment, has my Nonconformist brother the same temptations and corruptions to combat with as I? Is he conscious of the same frailties, infirmities, and suffering? Does he walk in the same spiritual darkness, despondency, and distress? Then do I not see that which should draw my heart to him, which should make me forget external distinctions and separations, and which should rouse my sympathy, prayer, and love, and prompt me to go to him and endeavor to distill comfort into his sorrowful spirit; to speak a word of consolation to his grieved heart, a divine promise to his distressed mind? What are the things that sunder me, externally, compared with this touching, tender bond of union, that ought to unite in closer sympathy the living, spiritual members of the Church of God?

Would not Joseph, too, in exhorting his brethren not quarrel along the way, remind them that they were journeying towards one home and to one father? What a sweet thought is this, that the Church of God is on its way to one blessed, glorious inheritance! The family of God are all traveling to one loving Father. In a little while, these dear saints of God, who now, through infirmity, and often under the temptation of the wicked one, contend and wrangle for their external differences, minor and petty in comparison with the great and momentous one in which they substantially agree, will meet together in a better land, in a better home, in their Father's house. Oh, if shame could crimson the cheek, if tears could gush from the eye in heaven, it would be in the recollection that on earth we allowed these non-essential things to create heart-burnings, rivalries, jealousies, divisions, hard thoughts, speeches, and actions, before the world; thus wounding our blessed Savior, impeding His cause, injuring His truth, and crucifying Him afresh!

Beloved, the saints of God are journeying towards one promised land, going home to one eternal inheritance, traveling to one heavenly Father; and this alone, did no other argument or bond of union exist, should knit and blend in love, sympathy, kindness, and prayer, the different members of the ONE body of Christ, the ONE family of God. "The ransomed of the Lord shall return and come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads; they shall obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away." With the prospect of a termination of the journey so glorious, and with the assurance that then every parti-colored standard will be lost in the blaze of light, and every jarring note, in the song of heaven, let us cultivate the union that will then exist, and by love, service, and worship on earth, antedate and anticipate the bliss of glory. "Lord, may our union form a part Of that thrice-happy whole, Derive its pulse from You the Heart, Its life from You the Soul."

We propose, in the further prosecution of this subject, to present a few FEATURES characteristic of Christian love. And the first we adduce is, its unsectarian character. Christian love is essentially so. It may indeed cherish a warmer glow, and exhibit greater confidence and freeness of expression in that Christian communion where its fellowship, from a more perfect harmony of sentiment, is recognized; nevertheless, it is essentially unsectarian, since it embraces all who love Christ and walk in His commandments, and is as expansive as the length and breadth of the Church universal. If I only love a Christian brother because he belongs to my branch of the Christian Church, or holds my distinctive principles, my love in this case is sectarian, and not Christian. If I love him merely because he is a Conformist, or because he is a Nonconformist, because he holds believers' baptism, or because he holds infant baptism, this is not a genuine, spiritual, divine love, but a love of party, a love of denomination, a love of self.

I must love my brother because he is a brother in the Lord. I must love him because he is a saint of God. I must love him because I see in him the image of my Father, the Spirit of my Savior; and if I thus see in him the Divine image, hear him speak in the language of Canaan, and trace in him the likeness of a loving, lowly, unearthly Christ; my affection leaps over the walls of ecclesiastical separation, and embraces him as a brother in Christ. Beloved, the only love that truly authenticates your discipleship to Christ, and your adoption into the family of God, is undenominational and unsectarian.

It is not called upon to give up what God's Word enjoins, or conscience feels to be right. It does not say to a brother, "I will believe what you believe, because I love you;" but it says, "I cannot be all that you are; but, because I see in you the image of my Father and the Spirit of my Savior, I love you. Though I cannot see eye to eye with you in all things, though my judgment differs from yours in some; yet, tracing in you the indwelling of the divine nature, the anointing of the Holy Spirit, the likeness of Christ, I love and recognize you as a brother beloved of God."

It was a noble remark of Wesley- "Is your heart right with God? If it is, give me your hand. I do not mean, 'Be of my opinion;' you need not. Neither do I mean, 'I will be of your opinion;' I cannot. Let all opinions alone; only give me your hand." Oh! it is a tragic thing to stand aloof from a holy man of God because he is not in all things of our own opinion! Such a violation of the first law of Christianity does despite to the Spirit of grace, the Spirit of love, the Spirit of God, and either proves our own utter destitution of the Spirit, or must result in the withdrawment of His sensible presence, and a consequent spiritual leanness, darkness, and desertion of soul.

Another feature of Christian love is its studied avoidance of all cause of offence. True brotherly love will not needlessly offend a brother; it will endeavor to steer a course that will prevent those occasions of painful, unhappy collision, that so much stir up the natural corruption of the human heart. One of the sweet characteristics of real spiritual love is, that it endeavors so to deport itself as not needlessly to wound and grieve a brother; it will not go out of its way to speak unkindly of or to misjudge a Christian. It will endeavor to refrain from injuring and giving offence, avoiding those things which tend to stir up what is carnal in a Christian brother's heart.

We are reminded in God's Word that offences, through misunderstanding and infirmity, will come; there will be those collisions of judgment or of action in the Church of God which frequently call forth hasty expressions, injured and angered feelings; a spirit is shown, and words are spoken, that may leave a long and fretting wound. But true love will ever stand ready to forgive the offence, when the offence is repented and deplored. It will not cherish malice, hatred, and revenge in the heart, but, God-like, it is ever ready to forgive, even to the "seventy times seven." Our Lord's injunction respecting giving offence is explicit and clear- "Whoever shall offend one of these little ones who believe in me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea." "Woe to that man by whom the offence comes."

Oh, if this divine precept had a deeper lodgment in the hearts of Christ's brethren, how much charity, gentleness and forbearance would be exhibited- how tender would they be of each other's feelings- how jealous of each other's reputation- how kind in word and action- how careful lest even a momentary wound might be inflicted, regarding the least disciple of Christ as dear to Him as the apple of the eye!

Another and most lovely essential feature of Christian love is that of forgiveness. Flowing from the forgiving love of God, it partakes of the nature where it springs. Christian love approaches the nearest of all the graces of the Spirit in the regenerate soul to the divine nature. God is love, and love is of God, and he that loves the holy because they are holy, and who forgives the wrong done by friend or foe, approaches the nearest in imitation of God. Nothing seems more to becloud or even to invalidate our Christian character, to annihilate all evidence of our being a child of God, as cherishing a malicious, unrelenting, unforgiving spirit. How can we go to God and say, "And forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us,'' while we are cherishing in our hearts an unforgiving feeling towards a brother who has grieved, wounded, or offended us?

What if God took you at your word when bending at His throne offering this prayer? Terrible thought! Condemnation, just and eternal wrath, unmitigated and endless- the banishment of the outer darkness until the last mite were paid, would be your most fearful and righteous doom! But go and forgive your brother; tell him that, yourself forgiven of God the ten thousand offences, you forgive him the one; that love only is in your heart toward him; and that forgiving all, you forget all. Then go and offer your prayer to your Heavenly Father for His forgiveness!

One of the loveliest, most precious unfoldings of God's love towards us is that He has pardoned all our sins, has forgiven us all our transgressions, and having blotted them all out, will remember them no more forever. "Be imitators of God as dear children," and ever keep in view the divine precept teaching the forgiving of offences- "Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and evil-speaking, be put away from you, with all malice: and be kind one to another, tender-hearted, forgiving one another, even as God for Christ's sake has forgiven you." Instead of sitting down and brooding over an injustice and a wronged, wounded sensibility, or slighted affection, until the imagination has augmented the injury from a molehill into a mountain, the little rivulet that one step of love might have crossed into an impassable gulf, see if there has been any real cause of offence, any intended injury; and if there dwells in the offender the spirit of Christ, and in you, the offended one, the love of God, both will be prepared, on a mutual understanding, the one to confess the fault and the other as ready to forgive it. Oh, let the dying prayer of Jesus ever linger in our ear amid the assaults of enemies and the woundings of friends- "Father, FORGIVE them!"

Forbearance is another feature of true Christian love. "Forbearing one another in love." This feeling is frequently called into exercise. How constantly we are under the necessity of bearing with one another's failings, frailties, and actions! All do not think and feel and act alike. If we really loved, as we ought, in the spirit of kind, Christian forbearance, we should make all allowance for each other's different modes of thought and peculiar frailties, constitutional infirmities and tendencies. It may demand peculiar and no little degree of grace to bear with our brother's constitutional temperament and weaknesses, his uncouthness of manner, his disposition to look at the dark side of the picture, his crotchets and fault-finding spirit, and other infirmities which inspire our dislike if not disgust; nevertheless, if I love as my Lord and Master loves me and loves my brother, I ought to forbear in love; not to censure or condemn, but casting over him the mantle of charity, cherish that "love which is patient and is kind."

It is another operation of brotherly love that it avoids rash judgements and harsh interpretations. True love is not judicial, it is fraternal. It avoids the judgment-seat. How tempted we often are to sit in judgment on a brother's actions, motives, and opinions; just as if we possessed the divine attribute of reading his heart, and fathoming the secret principles and motives that influence him. If we love that brother as we ought, we should avoid those judgments, which almost invariably bring us to rash and wrong conclusions, censuring and condemning when, had we a perfect knowledge of his heart, we would probably admire and approve. Rather let us ever aim to put a kind and charitable construction upon actions, the circumstances and motives of which, we are profoundly ignorant.

Nor must I forget to remind you that sympathy is a striking characteristic and feature of Christian and brotherly love. It will prompt us to compassion and kindness towards brethren and sisters who are in distress, trial, and suffering; it will make us willing to bear one another's burdens, to weep with those who weep, and rejoice with those that rejoice; it will constrain us to do all we can to soothe, soften, and ameliorate, and shed the sunshine of gladness on the gloomy path of some tried, lonely child of God.

Faithfulness is another of its essential characteristics. It does not shrink from tender, loving, yet wise and holy admonition. It is faithful to conscience, to God's Word, to Christ's honor, and to the brethren. "Faithful are the wounds of a friend." To be thus faithful-to show our love by our fidelity--to rebuke, reprove, and exhort; not allowing sin or error in a Christian brother, but, in the meek, lowly, gentle, yet firm, faithful spirit of the Master, to warn and rebuke- oh, this is love indeed! In nothing do we require more tenderness, lowliness, and love; and in the discharge of no duty is Jesus more prepared to give us all the wisdom, grace, and love demanded. Never let us rebuke or reprove a loving brother until we first repair to Jesus, and get our hearts replenished with His love.

In conclusion, how needed and forcible the exhortation, "See that don't quarrel along the way." How like the words of our Lord Jesus to the disciples, "A new commandment I give unto you, that you love one another." Let us aim to walk in this divine, Christ-like precept. Let our conduct, our communion, our whole spirit and carriage, be influenced and governed by love. Let us show how superior is Christian unity and love to denominational distinctions, ecclesiastical polity, and outward forms. Let us not fall out with other Christians by the way because we differ in judgment on some minor points, or worship God in different ways. Let us not renounce or denounce a Christian brother, who loves the same Savior, is of the same Father, is engaged in the same holy fight, because he wears a different uniform, belongs to a different battalion, or lays his offering of love upon another altar than our own. This would be grieving to the Spirit and dishonoring to the Captain of our salvation.

"Shall I ask the brave soldier, that fights at my side The cause of mankind, if our creeds do agree? Shall I give up the friend I have valued and tried, If he kneels not before the same altar with me?"

No! if his creed is essentially correct, if his life is divinely holy, if his altar is sprinkled with the blood of Christ's atonement, and if, in the spirit of adoption, that altar is inscribed to the One Father in heaven, and he bends, and loves, and worships there as a humble believer in the Savior, as a loving child of God, as a true soldier of the Cross, then I must ignore my own Christianity and deny my Lord if I refuse to hail him as a beloved brother, or to join him in the holy strife of reducing the kingdoms of this world to the reign and supremacy of Christ.

Cultivating Christian and brotherly love, we shall antedate and anticipate the happiness and employment of heaven, where love reigns in every breast. There, in those pure and blissful regions, where the God of love dwells, and the Savior of love is enthroned, and the Spirit of love breathes, there are no strifes or dissensions, no jarrings or discords. The music is of love, the songs are of love, and all hearts beat in unison with love; the tree of life that bends over the river of joy, and the bowers of bliss, fanned by spicy breezes, all are vocal with the melody and embalmed in the fragrance of LOVE.

"Love is the golden chain that binds the happy souls above, And he's an heir of heaven who finds his bosom glow with love."

"This is how we know what love is: Jesus Christ laid down his life for us. And we ought to lay down our lives for our brothers." 1 John 3:16

"Don't quarrel along the way!"

《基督的丰满》

屋大维·温斯洛著

基督徒之爱

或:约瑟劝勉弟兄和睦

「于是约瑟打发他弟兄们回去,又对他们说,你们不要在路上相争。」(创45:24)

约瑟打发弟兄们回父亲那里去时,叫他们带着见证他尊荣的凭据和表达他爱意的礼物,又给了他们这样一道切合时宜的嘱咐。他深知,这样劝他们和睦实属必要。他记得,那些曾使他们把他从父家掳去的邪恶因素,连同这事所造成的一切可怕、却又奇妙地被神掌管而转为益处的后果,仍旧潜藏在他们的本性之中。时日与患难或许已经压服那恶,使它缓和下来;然而,它的根仍在那里。因此,若没有他的警戒,也没有他们严密警醒,他们很可能还未到家,那暗暗燃烧的余烬就会再次迸发,成为嫉妒、纷争和分裂,后果也许既悲惨又不堪设想。

这里所传达的属灵教训何等圣洁、何等重要!神的儿女也不能免去接受同样嘱咐的必要;这一点,从神的话语中许多不断劝勉人要有弟兄之爱、要维持基督徒合一的教训,便可清楚看见。也许没有哪一条命令,比基督徒之爱的命令更需要我们时时受提醒;同时,也没有哪一条命令,是我们更常落在违犯和忽略的危险之中。早在使徒的历史中,就有一件显著的事实,证实主的弟兄实在容易「在路上相争」。这事发生在保罗和巴拿巴之间,起因是二人对于巡访众教会时是否适宜带马可同行,意见不同。巴拿巴或许受亲属关系影响,因为马可是他的外甥,便主张带他同行;保罗却「就以为不可带他去」。这意见上的不合,使两位使徒彼此分开;经上这样记述:「于是二人起了争论,甚至彼此分开。」他们就这样在路上相争了!

另有一次,同样牵涉全体使徒;我们的主温柔地责备他们,又巧妙地借此教导他们。马可如此记载:「他们来到迦百农。耶稣在屋里问门徒说,你们在路上议论的是什么。门徒不作声,因为他们在路上彼此争论谁为大。」他们也这样在路上相争了!由此我们看见,我们的本性即使已经更新,仍然是属肉体的,仍显出与生俱来之败坏的同样痕迹,也仍需要历世历代神的教会所需要的、神话语中同样圣洁的劝勉。现在,我们暂且离开这项劝勉在当时对弟兄和睦的原初应用,要以此为根据提出几项观察,来强调基督弟兄之间那圣洁而极其需要的基督徒之爱。因为,凡在属灵上、在明悟中认识神教会的人,谁不会郑重地确信:基督身体的众肢体、神同一家中的众儿女,所应有的基督徒合一与相爱,必须达到比现今更高、更圣洁的标准呢?

亲爱的弟兄们,「神就是爱」。耶稣基督则是爱在我们这世界上的完全彰显。祂就是爱,活在人中间、向人说话、在人中间行事、在人中间劳苦。祂降生,是爱的诞生;祂讲道,是爱的言语;祂行神迹,是爱的奇事;祂流泪,是爱的柔情;祂钉十字架,是爱的苦痛;祂复活,是爱的凯旋。祂所行、所说、所吩咐的一切,都是神圣之爱的具体彰显与表达。我们继续探讨这个可喜的题目时,要思想基督徒之爱的本质、它的特征,以及劝勉人培养这爱的教训。

现在说到基督徒之爱的本质:它究竟是什么?它与通常称为爱的其他一切情感,在本质上都不相同。家庭中的天然亲情、以心思与爱好相投为根基的友谊、催促我们善待同胞的仁爱之情,以及那些认同同一种教会体制、采用同一种敬拜方式之人所珍视的宗派或党派情感,都与那使耶稣基督独一教会联结为一的爱有本质上的不同。这一切不同形式的爱都可能真实、强烈而温暖地存在,真基督徒之爱却可能在人的灵魂中全无地位。一个人可能有最温暖的天然亲情、最深切的仁爱感受、最热烈的党派归属,却仍可能完全缺乏我们所说的这种属神而圣洁的情感。那么,这种与其他各样形式的爱迥然有别的基督徒之爱,究竟是什么呢?

它必定具有某种独特、专有而高贵的性质,才能使它带着这样鲜明可爱的品格!请花片刻看看它的源头;这样就能说明那住在每一个重生、爱基督之人心里的基督徒之爱,究竟有怎样的本质。第一,我要指出,它源于我们的新性情。我们从圣灵重生时,属神的爱也生在我们里面。当神所赐的新性情临到我们时,属神的爱也随之临到。神的性情就是爱;我们既「与神的性情有分」,就必然有分于那在神里面的爱。属天的出生与属神的爱,在我们属灵的重生中同时存在。我再郑重重申:我既与神的性情有分,就必然有分于属神的爱。

再者,这爱源于圣灵住在心里。神的每一个儿女都是圣灵的殿,因此在他里面,正有属神、属灵之爱的感动。「圣灵所结的果子,就是仁爱。」圣灵若住在你里面,使你成为祂的殿,爱的本源就住在你里面;这爱出于神,把自己与一切属神的人缠结在一起,又借着圣洁的情感上达于神。圣灵住在你里面,就是爱住在你心里。正因如此,无论我们在哪里遇见一个圣徒,无论他属于哪一国、肤色如何、说何种方言、属于教会的哪一部分,我们都应当敏锐地认出他来。我若在他身上看见神之灵确凿无误的记号,若看见圣灵的果子结聚在他的生活和行事为人中,却仍拒绝承认他是基督里的弟兄,不接纳他为神的儿女,不与他以圣洁弟兄团契中的一员相交,我就是否认、使之担忧并伤害那同样住在我里面的圣灵。

再者,我们若记得,这爱的属神原则乃是使神全家彼此相像的首要道德特征,就能明白它的本质,并追溯它的源头。容我这样说:它就是一家人的相貌。神所有子民都有神所赐的同一性情,同一位圣灵住在他们里面,因而确立他们在神家中的成员身份;没有什么比爱的特征更能鲜明地显出这合一。请让我在一个基督徒身上看见真实的爱、真正属灵的情感,看见这情感因我是基督里的弟兄而向我发出;看见这爱承认我是门徒、是圣徒、是儿子,我便在这位弟兄身上看见一家人的相貌,看见父的形像,也看见众弟兄共有的形像。是的,亲爱的弟兄们,简而言之,我们所说的爱,是一种属神、非属世、属灵的原则。它不是属肉体的,也不是与生俱来的;它所结出的属神、属灵果子,证实了它的源头和本质。它出于神,上达于神,它的一切作为都显出神的样式,带着属神的性质。一个人在自己心里,若除了这属神、圣洁之爱的原则以外,再也找不出别的证据,证明自己与神有父子关系、是基督的门徒、也是这独一弟兄团契中的一员,那么,单凭这爱,他就已有充分根据谦卑地宣认,自己是基督的门徒、神的儿女、荣耀的后嗣。「你们若有彼此相爱的心,众人因此就认出你们是我的门徒了。」「我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。」

也许有一天,你要为这一个单纯的救恩凭据感谢神。你与基督联合、被收纳进神家中的其他一切凭据,或许并未熄灭,却都被云雾遮蔽;那时只剩下一个凭据,惟独这一个,像黄昏天际孤悬的一颗星,在你临终的枕边发光:你爱弟兄,因为圣洁的人是圣洁的而爱他们;你爱圣徒,因为圣徒是圣徒而爱他们。亲爱的弟兄们,带着这一个凭据,你就可以行过死荫的幽谷,不怕遭害;也必丰丰富富地得以进入我们主救主耶稣基督永远的国。

我们已经简要说明了这爱的本质;现在让我们花片刻列出基督徒之爱理当显明的几项根据。约瑟的叙事中有几处相似之点,可以引导我们。约瑟劝弟兄们回父亲那里去的路上不要相争,我们可以设想,他是根据什么这样劝他们呢?他岂不会很自然地先提醒他们:他们都是同一位父亲的儿女、同一位父亲的众子,因此彼此之间有一条坚固的合一纽带吗?他必定会这样做。亲爱的弟兄们,神的教会承认独一的神、独一的父:「一神,就是众人的父。」这一位父爱所有儿女,预定所有儿女得儿子的名分,把祂的爱子同样赐给所有儿女,用祂同一颗心同样怀抱他们;当他们一起围绕祂的施恩座,称祂为「我们在天上的父」时,祂也同样侧耳听他们众人的呼求。

无论你在何处找到神的众子,也无论他们属于教会中的哪一个宗教群体,只要与他们一同跪下祷告,一同俯伏在那独一的施恩座前,你必不难认出他们的父是谁。哦,主的百姓虽来自不同的教会团契,却一同聚集在神施恩宝座周围;再没有什么比这更有力地证明神家本质上的合一,也没有什么能把这合一显得如此美丽、如此动人。这是我们在荣耀彼岸以前所能看见的、神教会合一最真实、最圣洁、最崇高的有形彰显:敬拜的合一,祷告的合一。

请听每一个人,也就是众人所说的话:「我们在天上的父。」在这崇高的宣告里,谁会看不见合一的三个基本要素:神是我们的父,圣徒彼此为弟兄,教会同有一个家;父,我们的父,在天上!哦,请看,人更新的性情怎样往回走,归向神为父的关系!请看,人怎样带着弟兄之爱,走向人与人之间的弟兄关系!请看,神的儿女怎样寻求自己曾经离开的家,那是他出走之地,也是他归回之所。当他们聚集在父的脚前,承认同样的罪,为同样的软弱忧伤,吐露同样的愁苦,揭开同样的缺乏,恳求同样的怜悯时,哦,神家本质上的合一显得何等真实、何等美丽、何等圣洁!

圣徒祷告时显为一体,
言语、行为、心意相同;
他们与父并与圣子,
得享何等甘美的相交。

约瑟岂不会也提醒他们:他们既属于同一位父亲,便是弟兄吗?神所有的圣徒,岂不都是在主耶稣基督里的弟兄吗?「所以你们因信基督耶稣,都是神的儿子。」「因为只有一位是你们的夫子。你们都是弟兄。」神的教会是一个圣洁的弟兄团契。神的每一个儿女,无论经历多深、信心多强、长进程度如何,都与那以耶稣为长子的独一弟兄团契有弟兄关系。亲爱的弟兄们,无论你在何处这样遇到神的一个儿女、一个信基督的人、一个承认自己与耶稣有关系的人,你所遇见的就是基督里的一位弟兄。你承认他是弟兄,不过是承认并显明你自己与这圣洁弟兄团契的联合。

这才是惟一真实的弟兄关系。罪已经拆散人类这个家。罪使我们的本性脱离它的中心,也就使人性彼此分离。人类原有的弟兄关系,如今除了一个名分以外,什么也没有留下;甚至连这个名分,人也常常不情愿承认。种族的仇恨和社会的等级壁垒,早已尽人皆知。我们共同的父明明「从一本〔本:有古卷作血脉〕造出万族的人,住在全地上」,人却仿佛没有这回事:一个种族否认另一个种族,一个阶层斥责另一个阶层,一个等级鄙视另一个等级。

W. R. 威廉斯写道:「凯尔特人发誓要向撒克逊人报仇;斯拉夫民族不能与日耳曼族系称兄道弟。人们翻遍幽暗的历史库藏,搜寻可作投掷武器的材料和鼓动人心的口号,好像寻找火把,重新点燃异族敌对血统之间祖传的旧仇。意大利人几乎不肯承认,自己与奥地利人同有一种血脉、同属一位神。如今,福音作为伟大、和平、却绝不妥协的革新者向前行进;它的口号,是一种宽广如整个人类的弟兄关系。当人学会感受这弟兄关系的纽带和要求时,贫乏卑微的人便得安慰、被提升;野蛮人得着尊严,为奴的人有了盼望;女人也从野蛮风俗囚禁她的牢狱中悄然出来。另一方面,大有权势、聪明和富足的人受了这样的教导,也忘记那些短暂、只及皮肤之浅的阶级和教养差别;他们看见众人同有罪、同需救恩、同要站在审判台前,便生出受托管理的意识,把那可憎的自我满足之灵驱逐出去。

人的能力无论怎样改变,也不能带来字面意义上的平等。即使把世上一切财物和土地平均分给全地居民,到了第二天,性别、年龄、心智能力和身体禀赋这些长久而无法消除的差别仍会存在。若要使国家整体在所有成员和一切处境中都变成毫无差异的一体,就好比要把人的整个身体都变成一只眼睛(清楚却毫无防护),或都变成一张面颊(没有耳朵、没有眼睛、也没有额头)。然而,只要把真正基督徒弟兄关系的感受赐给人,那么,每个肢体虽仍保有自己的个别性、独特职分和相称的特质,一个肢体的益处却会成为众肢体的益处。手要在那指引它的眼睛所赐的光中劳作;眼睛则借着敢于前进、恒久忍耐之脚的力量行路。」

然而,耶稣基督的信仰把我们这个彼此分裂、彼此仇恨的人类,重新赢回到原初的弟兄关系中。有人说过:「人性一经触动,天下人便都成了亲族。」可是,恩典一经触动,所成就的更多。它使亲族联合成为基督徒的弟兄团契,把他们引进神的家。这才是惟一真实、圣洁而长存的弟兄关系:共和主义者与民主主义者,贵族与农民,君王与臣民,为奴的与自主的,在基督耶稣里都成为一个圣洁的弟兄团契;他们与神有父子关系,并且因着这联合,彼此之间也有弟兄关系。

另一个使我们联合的因素,是我们与主耶稣基督联合,并从祂领受我们一切的福分。这是合一坚固的根基,也是爱与同情的圣洁纽带。约瑟的弟兄们回迦南时,因约瑟的恩慈,个个都满载丰厚的财物。他们同样得了粮食、衣裳和旅途中所需的一切安适之物。因此,他们同样从约瑟白白而丰丰富富地领受了福分,这些福分就使他们共有一条同情与合一的纽带。这里包含何等宝贵的福音教训!

我们众人既是神的圣徒,岂不都倚赖耶稣吗?岂不都靠着耶稣吗?岂不都从耶稣领受吗?洗净我们的血、称我们为义的义、使我们成圣的恩典、安慰我们的体恤、鼓舞我们的盼望,岂不全都来自基督里面的丰满吗?我们岂不都紧紧依附那一位亲爱的救主,倚靠祂已经完成的工作,从祂无限的丰富中支取吗?哦,正是如此!神的圣徒最常在哪里相聚呢?岂不是在耶稣脚前吗?敬拜方式或许使我们在外表上分开;礼拜仪文或许使那些心里都亲近同一位神、同一位父的人,在形式上彼此有别。然而,在这里,我们众人在灵里相聚。我们从中汲取力量与恩典、安慰、喜乐和平安的泉源,把我们吸引并联合在救主脚前。

基督身体的肢体既然都靠耶稣而活、从耶稣支取,也同样欠耶稣的恩,这事实就应当使那些四散分裂的肢体,在爱与同情上彼此更加亲近。偏见或偏好、教会体制或宗教敬拜方式若使神的圣徒彼此分开,在这里却有一位使他们都归到一处、把他们联结在一个圣洁团契中的基督:祂是丰满的基督,众人都到祂那里,众人也同样从祂领受供应;祂同样爱众人,也同样赐福众人。我们正往同一个天家行进,穿着同一件义袍,披戴同一件救恩的衣裳,也受同样属灵供应的维持与喂养;这些思想岂不应当使我们超越宗派主义、偏见和苛刻的判断吗?「你有什么不是领受的呢?」一个弟兄为什么要向另一个弟兄夸口,或论断他呢?「从他丰满的恩典里我们都领受了。」我们众人同样靠基督的丰满而活,受祂恩典的滋养,蒙祂能力的保守,得祂慈爱的抚慰,被祂的手喂养,由祂的谋略引导,又在神同一颗心里彼此联结;这一切给了我们一个最有力、最能劝服人的理由,叫我们彼此相爱,留心不要「在路上相争」。

这样,我已经预先提到基督徒之爱的另一个根据:我们每一个人都是基督独一身体的肢体。人的身体是教会一个美好的说明。它本身完整,却有不同肢体;是一个有机整体,却由若干部分组成。使徒何等精妙地展开这幅图画,使我们得出结论:一个部分不能没有另一个部分;没有一个肢体能对另一个肢体说「我用不着你」;所有肢体在身体中都有用处,也彼此相顾。基督的教会也是如此:它在本质上是一个属灵的整体、一个身体。每一个信基督的人都是这身体的肢体;缺了这肢体,神的教会就不完全。因此,基督身体的众肢体也是彼此的肢体。「就如身子是一个,却有许多肢体。而且肢体虽多,仍是一个身子。基督也是这样。我们不拘是犹太人,是希利尼人,是为奴的,是自主的,都从一位圣灵受洗,成了一个身体。饮于一位圣灵。」

在这里我要指出,共同经历同样的试炼与试探,是何等有力的联合纽带!软弱和缺乏是神所有儿女共有的。这是一个感人而温柔的论据,催促基督独一教会中的人彼此相爱、彼此同情。我们的试炼岂不常常一样吗?我们的试探和软弱、患难和忧伤岂不一样吗?我们岂不也有同样的属灵操练、同样的内心活动吗?我们岂不是不断显出同样的绊跌、跌倒和退后吗?哦,这一切何等应当把神的圣徒更紧密地联结为一!面对这个真理,教会之间的差别何等应当隐退消失!

什么!我那属于国教的弟兄、我那不从国教的弟兄,也与我一样,必须同样的试探和败坏争战吗?他也感觉到同样的脆弱、软弱和痛苦吗?他也行在同样的属灵幽暗、灰心和苦恼之中吗?那么,我岂不是看见一件应当把我的心吸引到他那里的事吗?这事岂不应当使我忘记外在的区别与分隔,唤起我的同情、祷告和爱,催促我到他那里,尽力把安慰滴入他忧愁的心灵,向他忧伤的心说一句慰藉之言,向他苦恼的心思说出神的一个应许吗?那些在外表上使我与他分开的事,与这条感人而温柔的合一纽带相比,算得什么呢?这纽带本应使神教会中有生命、属灵的众肢体,在彼此同情上更加紧密地联合。

约瑟劝弟兄们不要在路上相争时,岂不会也提醒他们:他们正往同一个家去,正去见同一位父亲吗?神的教会正朝同一份蒙福而荣耀的基业前行,这思想何等甘甜!神全家的人都在走向同一位慈爱的父。再过不久,神这些亲爱的圣徒(他们如今因着软弱,也常在那恶者的试探之下,为外在的差异争竞口角;而这些差异,在他们实质上共同认信的伟大而重大真理面前,不过是次要琐细的),都要在一个更美之地、一个更美之家、他们父的家中相会。哦,假如在天上羞愧还能使人双颊通红,眼泪还能从眼中涌出,那么,使我们如此的,必是回想起我们在地上时,竟容让这些非根本之事在人面前引发积怨、争竞、嫉妒、分裂、苛刻的意念、言语和行为,从而伤害我们蒙福的救主,阻碍祂的事业,损害祂的真理,重新把祂钉十字架!

亲爱的弟兄们,神的圣徒正向同一处应许之地行进,归往同一份永远的基业,走向同一位天父。即使再没有别的论据或联合纽带,单是这一点,也应当使基督这一个身体中不同的肢体、神这一个家中不同的成员,在爱、同情、恩慈和祷告里紧密交织、融为一体。「耶和华救赎的民必归回,歌唱来到锡安。永乐必归到他们的头上,他们必得着欢喜快乐,忧愁叹息尽都逃避。」我们既展望旅程如此荣耀的终点,又确信到了那时,各色旗帜都要消失在那光辉之中,一切不和谐的音调也都要消失在天上的歌声里,就让我们培养那时必存在的合一,并借着地上的相爱、服事和敬拜,使荣耀中的福乐提前临到,在今日预先尝到。

主啊,愿我们的合一,
成为那三重福乐整体的一部分;
祢是那颗心,愿脉搏从祢而来;
祢是那灵魂,愿生命从祢而来。

我们继续探讨这个题目时,要提出基督徒之爱的几项特征。我们首先举出的,就是它不受宗派限制的性质。基督徒之爱在本质上正是如此。在某一个基督徒团契中,因为众人的看法更加完全地和谐,这爱得到彼此相交的回应,它诚然可以燃烧得更加温暖,也能以更大的信任和自由表达出来;然而,它在本质上仍不受宗派限制,因为它怀抱一切爱基督、遵行祂命令的人,其宽广正如普世教会的长阔。我若只因一位基督徒弟兄属于我所在的教会支派,或持守我所特有的原则,才爱他,那么,我的爱就是宗派的爱,不是基督徒的爱。我若只因他顺从国教,或只因他不从国教;只因他持守信徒洗礼,或只因他持守婴孩洗礼而爱他,这就不是真实、属灵、属神的爱,而是党派之爱、宗派之爱、自我之爱。

我必须爱我的弟兄,因为他是在主里的弟兄;我必须爱他,因为他是神的圣徒;我必须爱他,因为我在他身上看见我父的形像、我救主的灵。我若这样在他身上看见神的形像,听见他用迦南的语言说话,又在他身上认出那位慈爱、谦卑、非属世之基督的样式,我的情感就要越过教会分隔的墙垣,拥抱他为基督里的弟兄。亲爱的弟兄们,惟有那不以宗派为界、不受宗派限制的爱,才能真实地证实你是基督的门徒,也已被收纳进神的家。

这爱并不要求人放弃神话语所吩咐的事,也不要求人放弃良心认定为正确的事。它不会对一位弟兄说:「因为我爱你,所以我要相信你所相信的一切。」它乃是说:「我不能在一切事上都与你相同;然而,因为我在你身上看见我父的形像和我救主的灵,我便爱你。我虽不能在凡事上都与你所见相同,我的判断在某些事上虽与你不同;可是,我认出神所赐的新性情住在你里面,认出圣灵的恩膏,认出基督的样式,我就爱你,承认你是蒙神所爱的弟兄。」

卫斯理曾说过一句高贵的话:「你的心在神面前正直吗?若是,就把手给我。我并不是说:『你要赞同我的意见。』你不必如此。我也不是说:『我要赞同你的意见。』我不能如此。暂且不谈一切意见,只要把手给我。」哦,只因神的一个圣洁仆人并非在凡事上都与我们意见相同,就与他疏远,这是何等可悲的事!这样违犯基督教首要的律法,正是凌辱恩典的灵、爱的灵、神的灵;这若不是证明我们自己完全没有圣灵,就必导致祂收回人可以感受到的同在,结果使人的属灵生命贫瘠,陷入幽暗,心灵也仿佛被撇弃。

基督徒之爱的另一个特征,是它用心避开一切使人受冒犯的缘由。真实的弟兄之爱不会无谓地冒犯弟兄;它会努力选择一条道路,避免那些令人痛苦、不幸的冲突,因为这些冲突极容易激起人心里天然的败坏。真实属灵之爱有一个甘美的特征,就是它尽力约束自己的行事为人,不无谓地伤害弟兄、使弟兄忧愁;它不会特意去说基督徒不好的话,或误判他。它会竭力不伤害人、不冒犯人,避开那些容易挑动基督徒弟兄心中属肉体之情欲的事。

神的话提醒我们,由于误解和软弱,绊倒人的事免不了会发生;神的教会中也会有判断或行动上的冲突,常常引出急躁的话和受伤愤怒的情绪。人显出一种不当的态度,说出一些不当的话,可能留下久久疼痛、不断发炎的伤口。但真正的爱随时预备着饶恕冒犯,只要冒犯者悔改,为所行的忧伤。这爱不会把恶意、仇恨和报复怀在心中;它效法神,总是预备饶恕,甚至饶恕「七十个七次」。我们的主对于使人跌倒的吩咐明确清楚:「凡使这信我的一个小子跌倒的,倒不如把大磨石拴在这人的颈项上,沉在深海里。」「但那绊倒人的有祸了。」

哦,这条属神的命令若更深地住在基督众弟兄的心里,他们要显出何等丰富的仁爱、温柔和宽容!他们会何等体恤彼此的感受,何等谨慎地守护彼此的名誉,在言语和行动上何等恩慈,又何等小心,免得造成哪怕片刻的伤害;因为他们看基督最小的一个门徒,也是祂所珍爱的,如同眼中的瞳人!

基督徒之爱另一个最可爱的基本特征,就是饶恕。这爱从神赦免人的爱而出,所以带着其源头的性质。在重生之人的灵魂里,圣灵所结的一切美德之中,基督徒之爱在效法神方面最为接近。神就是爱,爱是从神来的;一个人因为圣洁之人是圣洁的而爱他们,又饶恕朋友或仇敌对自己所行的错事,他就是在效法神的事上最为接近。若人怀着恶毒、无情、拒不饶恕的心,没有什么比这更会遮蔽甚至否定我们的基督徒品格,把我们是神儿女的一切证据尽都抹去。我们心里若仍对一个曾使我们忧愁、伤害或冒犯我们的弟兄怀着不肯饶恕的情绪,又怎能到神面前说:「免我们的债,如同我们免了人的债」呢?

当你俯伏在神的宝座前献上这祷告时,神若照你的话待你,那将如何?这思想何等可怕!定罪、公义而永远的忿怒、毫不减轻又永无止境的刑罚,以及被赶逐到外面的黑暗里,直到还清最后一文钱,都要成为你最可怕而公义的结局!然而,你要去饶恕你的弟兄;告诉他,你自己已经蒙神赦免一万个过犯,所以也饶恕他这一个过犯;告诉他,你心中对他惟有爱,你既饶恕一切,也就忘记一切。然后再去向你的天父祷告,求祂赦免你!

神向我们显明的爱,其中一个最可爱、最宝贵的方面,就是祂赦免了我们一切的罪,饶恕了我们所有过犯;祂已经把这一切全然涂抹,就永远不再记念。「所以你们该效法神,好像蒙慈爱的儿女一样。」也要常把那教导人饶恕冒犯的属神命令摆在眼前:「一切苦毒、恼恨、忿怒、嚷闹、毁谤,并一切的恶毒,〔或作:阴毒〕都当从你们中间除掉。并要以恩慈相待,存怜悯的心,彼此饶恕,正如神在基督里饶恕了你们一样。」不要坐下来反复思想别人对你的不公、你受冤受伤的感受,或你遭人轻看的情谊,任凭想象把小丘一般的伤害扩大成高山,把爱只须一步就能跨过的小溪变成无法越过的深渊。你要察看,是否真有冒犯的缘由,是否真有人存心伤害你。若冒犯者里面住着基督的灵,而你这受冒犯的人里面也有神的爱,那么,双方彼此明白以后,就都会预备妥当:一方承认过错,另一方也同样预备饶恕。哦,无论遭受仇敌攻击,还是被朋友伤害,愿耶稣临终时的祷告总回响在我们耳中:「父阿,赦免他们!」

宽容是真基督徒之爱的另一个特征。「用爱心互相宽容。」这种情操时常需要实际运用。我们何等常常必须包容彼此的过失、脆弱和行为!人并非都以同样方式思想、感受和行动。我们若确实按着本分去爱人,怀着恩慈的基督徒宽容之心,就应当充分体谅彼此不同的思考方式、各自特有的脆弱、性情上的软弱和倾向。要包容弟兄与生俱来的脾性和弱点、不得体的举止、凡事只看阴暗一面的倾向、古怪执拗和吹毛求疵的性情,以及其他那些即使不令我们厌恶、也会使我们不喜欢的软弱,可能需要一种格外丰富的恩典。然而,我若照着我的主和夫子爱我、也爱我弟兄的方式去爱,就应当在爱里宽容;不是责难或定罪,而是把仁爱的外衣覆在他身上,怀着那「恒久忍耐,又有恩慈」的爱。

弟兄之爱还有一项作用,就是使人避开草率的判断和苛刻的解释。真正的爱不以审判官自居,而以弟兄相待;它远离审判台。我们常受何等大的试探,要坐着审判弟兄的行为、动机和见解,仿佛自己拥有神那鉴察人心的属性,能够测透暗中影响他的原则和动机。我们若按着本分爱这位弟兄,就应当避开这种判断;因为它几乎总使我们得出草率错误的结论,责难并定罪一个人,而我们若完全知道他的心,很可能反倒会钦佩并认可他。对于那些处境和动机我们全然不知的行为,我们倒要时时竭力作出恩慈宽厚的解释。

我也不可忘记提醒你们:同情是基督徒之爱和弟兄之爱一个鲜明的特征。它会催促我们怜悯、恩待那些陷在苦难、试炼和痛苦中的弟兄姊妹;使我们甘愿互相担当重担,「与喜乐的人要同乐,与哀哭的人要同哭」;又激励我们尽上一切所能,去抚慰、减轻并改善神某个受试炼而孤单之儿女的处境,把喜乐的阳光洒在他阴郁的道路上。

忠实是这爱的另一个基本特征。它不会逃避那温柔、慈爱,却又明智圣洁的劝戒。它忠于良心,忠于神的话,忠于基督的尊荣,也忠于众弟兄。「朋友加的伤痕,出于忠诚。」这样忠实,借着忠诚显出我们的爱;责备、指正、劝勉,不纵容基督徒弟兄身上的罪或错误,却以夫子那柔和、谦卑、温柔而又坚定忠实的心警告并责备他,哦,这才真是爱!没有哪件事比这更需要温柔、谦卑和爱;也没有哪项本分,是耶稣不更乐意赐给我们完成它所需的一切智慧、恩典和爱。我们责备或指正一位亲爱的弟兄以前,务要先到耶稣那里,使我们的心重新充满祂的爱。

最后,「你们不要在路上相争」这劝勉何等必要、何等有力!它何等像我们主耶稣对门徒所说的话:「我赐给你们一条新命令,乃是叫你们彼此相爱。」让我们立志遵行这条属神、像基督的命令。愿我们的行为、团契和全部心态与行事为人,都受爱的影响与管束。让我们显明,基督徒的合一与相爱,何等高过宗派差别、教会体制和外在形式。不要因为我们在一些次要问题上判断不同,或以不同方式敬拜神,就在路上与其他基督徒失和。不要因为一个基督徒弟兄穿着不同的制服、属于不同的营队,或把爱的供物献在另一个祭坛上,就与他断绝关系或斥责他;因为他所爱的仍是同一位救主,所属的仍是同一位父,参与的仍是同一场圣洁争战。这样做,必使圣灵担忧,也羞辱我们救恩的元帅。

那勇敢的战士与我并肩,
为人类的事业奋勇争战;
我岂要先问,他的信条是否与我一致?
那位朋友已经历考验,素来为我珍视;
我岂因他未跪在与我相同的祭坛前,
就把他舍弃?

断乎不可!他的信条在根本上若是正确的,他的生活若显出神所赐的圣洁,他的祭坛若洒了基督赎罪的血;又若在得儿子名分的灵里,那祭坛归于天上独一的父,他也在那里俯伏、爱慕、敬拜,作谦卑相信救主的人、神慈爱的儿女、十字架真正的精兵;那么,我若拒绝欢喜承认他是蒙爱的弟兄,或拒绝与他一同参加圣洁的争战,使这世上的国服在基督的统治和至高权柄之下,我就必得否认自己所信的基督教,也否认我的主。

我们培养基督徒之爱和弟兄之爱,就是让天上的幸福与活动提前临到,也预先尝到那福乐;在那里,爱掌管每一颗心。在那纯洁而蒙福之地,爱的神住在那里,爱的救主登上宝座,赐爱的圣灵运行其间;那里没有纷争,没有分歧,没有冲撞,没有不和谐。乐声是爱的乐声,歌声是爱的歌声,所有的心都与爱同声跳动;生命树垂在喜乐之河上,蒙福的凉亭有香风吹拂,这一切都唱响爱的旋律,也都浸润在爱的芬芳里。

爱是黄金的锁链,
把上面蒙福的灵魂联结;
人若发现自己胸中燃着爱,
他就是天国的后嗣。

「主为我们舍命,我们从此就知道何为爱。我们也当为弟兄舍命。」(约壹3:16)

「你们不要在路上相争!」